How Cavitation Takes Place in a Control Valve

When a liquid flows through a control valve there are changes in the pressure and velocity, which may result to a process known as cavitation. The possibility of cavitation occurring must be considered when sizing control valves for liquid flow applications.

Cavitation is a two-phase process occurring in liquids under certain flow conditions. The cavitation within a control valve can be easily understood by treating the valve as an orifice plate in a pipe as shown in the schematic below. The changes in pressure and velocity conditions across a control valve which may lead to cavitation are shown in the schematic below:
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