MEANING INTO WORDS CLASS 12 NEB SOLUTION UNIT 3

 MEANING INTO WORDS CLASS 12 NEB SOLUTION  UNIT 2

Unit: 3

3.2.  Previous Events:

Rule:

A: Given sentence

B: Why? What had happened?/ What had +Sub +done?

A.     Well, Sub + had + V3 +object, and +Sub +had +v3 + obj.

Have a similar conversation of the following remarks.

a) When I saw him two years later I could hardly recognize him.

            A: When I saw him two years later I could hardly recognize him.

            B: Why? What had happened?

            A: Well, he had grown beard, and he had kept a long mustache.

b) They sent both men to prison for 20 years.

A: They sent both men to prison for 20 years.

B: Why? What had happened?

A: Well, they had killed a man and robbed his house.

c) The fireman received a medal for bravery.

            A: The fireman received a medal for bravery.

            B: Why? What happened?

            A: Well, he had saved a baby from a burning house and he had saved a lot of property.

d) It was a good thing I checked my bill before I paid it.

A: It was a good thing I checked my bill before I paid it.

            B: Why? What had happened?

            A: Well, the shopkeeper had added extra money and he hadn’t included VAT.

e) When my sister came home, she was crying her eyes out.

A: When my sister came home, she was crying her eyes out.

B: Why? What had happened?

A: Well, she had lost her purse, and my mother had scolded her.

f) I got a very angry letter from my bank manager last Friday.

A: I got a very angry letter from my bank manager last Friday.

B: Why? What had happened?

A; Well, I hadn’t paid my loan, and I hadn’t informed him anything.

g) My new trousers were ruined when they came out of the washing machine.

A: My new trousers were ruined when they came out of the washing machine.

B: Why? What had happened?

A: Well, the washing machine had been broken, and I had kept it at a higher temperature.

h) They came back from their holiday feeling completely refreshed.

A: They came back from their holiday feeling completely refreshed.

B: Why? What had happened?

B: Well, They had been to Pokhara, and they had enjoyed visiting Phewa Lake.

3.3 Previous activities and events

Rule:

A: Given Sentence

B: Sub + had been + v4 + obj.

Make the conversation as it is shown in the example.

a) Eventually Richard found a job that suited him

A: Eventually Richard found a job that suited him.

B: He had been looking for a job.

C: He had been applying to many places.

D; He had been studying very hard.

b) When the Johnsons eventually got away on holiday they felt they really deserved it.

A: When the Johnsons eventually got away on holiday they felt they really deserved it.

B: They had been working very hard.

C: They had been visiting Pokhara

D: They had been enjoying themselves together.

C: By the time the climbers reached the top of the mountain, they were exhausted.

A: By the time the climbers reached the top of the mountain, they were exhausted.

B: They had been climbing the mountain.

C: They had been carrying their bags.

D: They hadn’t been eating anything.

d) It was hardly surprising that Anthony fainted.

A: It was hardly surprising that Anthony fainted.

B: She had been suffering from fever.

C: She had been running in the sun.

D: She had been taking medicine.

e) Vivienne sighed with relief

A: Vivienne sighed with relief.

B: She had been working for a long time.

C: She had been facing a problem.

D: She had not been getting leave.

3.5. Additional Information: Relative Clause

Who = Person

Where = place

When = time

What = thing

Which = thing/animal

Whose = relation

Whom = possession

Why = reason X

How = quantity X

Sub of the first sentence, + wh-word +Part of the 2^nd sentence (no repeated sub), + Part of 1st sentence

If there is a preposition with the repeated sub of the second sentence, we should put it before the wh-word, when we join the sentences with “which” and “whom”.

1.      Phil was an excellent driver.

Phil’s forehead was covered in sweat.

·         Phil, whose forehead was covered in sweat, was an excellent driver.

2.      Julia hadn’t wanted to come in the first place.

The Admiral had entrusted the papers to Julia.

·         Julia, to whom the Admiral had entrusted the papers, hadn’t wanted to come in the first place.

3.      Alex had closed his eyes.

It had been Alex’s idea to come.

The success of the whole mission depended on Alex.

·         Alex, on whom the success of the whole mission depended, which had been his idea to come, had closed his eyes.

4.      Alex had just taken the gun out of his pocket.

Alex never went anywhere without his gun.

·         Alex, who never went anywhere without his gun, had closed his eyes.

5.      The dog was sitting facing the back window.

The dog loved traveling in a fast car.

·         The dog, which loved traveling in a fast car, was sitting facing the back window.

6.      The truck was gaining on them all the time.

They were trying so desperately to escape from the truck.

A light machinegun was clearly visible on the truck.

·         The truck, on which a light machine gun was clearly visible, from where they were trying so desperately to escape, was gaining on them all the time.

3.6 Background Information

Add an appropriate relative clause to these sentences.

1. I couldn’t wait to get back to Venice,…….

I couldn’t wait to get back to Venice, where Neelam had been waiting for me.

2. At last they managed to repair the telephone……

            At last, they managed to repair the telephone, which had been disconnected.

3. The teacher,…………., turned round suddenly.

The teacher, who was writing on the blackboard, turned round suddenly.

4. I eventually found the letter, ………., in my jacket pocket.

I eventually found the letter, which my friend had written to me, in my jacket pocket.

5. When I came back, I found that my car, …………, had disappeared.

When I came back, I found that my car, which I had parked outside, had disappeared.

6. We were all very grateful to Richard, ……….

We were all very grateful to Richard, who had helped us.

Composition (page: 30)

1. Write a letter to a newspaper saying how you feel about the growing use of computers in our daily life.

Adarshnagar,

Nepalgunj

4th Jan 2012

The Editor,

The Kathmandu Post

Katmandu

Sir,

I would be grateful if my article about the growing use of computers in our daily lives will be published in your reputed newspaper. I hope millions of readers will advantage of this article.

Modern science has given us many things too. The computer is one of the greatest inventions of modern science. It has made our life easier and faster. We can’t imagine the modern world without computers. It is the fastest means of communication as well. The internet and email have changed the world into a global village. The computer has become an essential part of human life in the present world. Consequently, the number of users has been increasing day by day. Whether one is doing official or personal work, one prefers to use computer life, without a computer, has become almost unimaginable. No doubt computer makes our task easier; it enables people to work efficiently and it prevents people from working in weather extremes. Undoubtedly it has made communication easier efficient and less time-consuming. Nevertheless, the computer does have a reverse side too. Excess use of computers results in the loss of eyesight in the long run. The computer brings sex and violence to the screen. Which results in the increment of sexual violence. Teenagers utilize computers so that their minds get corrupted and cross social norms and values. Eventually, such deeds are sure to bring social disorder. Moreover, it makes people lazy and unsocial as they wish to spend much of their time with computer

If we correctly use the computer, it has surely more advantages than disadvantages. It is the boon of modern science.

Sincerely Yours

Birat Sapkota

2. Write an essay on the advantages and disadvantages of computers.

                                                            Advantages and disadvantages of computer

Modern science has given us many things. The computer is one of the greatest inventions of modern science. It has made our life easier and faster. We can’t imagine the modern world without computers. It is the fastest means of communication as well. The internet and email have changed the world into a global village.

There are many advantages of computers. We can use it for entertainment information and as a means of communication. We can write emails and we can download important information from the internet. We can watch videos, films, and songs on it. We can save data on it. It reduces the costs in the office for accountants. It has become an essential part of human life in the present world. The number of users has been increasing day by day. Computers are useful in business, in education, and at home. The use of computers has reduced the time span of many works. Any works can be done by sitting in a place and pressing few keys. It has enabled people to know the happenings of the world shortly after it happens. The computer has made it easier for people to communicate in addition to saving time and money. The use of computers in the education sector has brought changes in the age-old teaching materials. As in business and education computer is useful at home. The leisure time of family members does not become a burden.

The computer has disadvantages as well. Due to the use of computer unemployment, the computer can perform the duty that might need nearly six to seven workers. Unemployment is likely to result in crimes. Continuous work with computers causes loss of eyesight in the long run. Internet, which is widely used to see pornographic scenes, corrupts the mind of teenagers. Due to it, sex- violence increases rapidly. The computer has a direct impact on the culture of any nation. High-tech crimes like hacking banks and important documents become possible due to computers. The virus is also a problem. If we put all the records on a computer, all the record becomes useless if the file is corrupted with a virus. The social networking webs like Facebook and Twitter have created a kind of crazy mentality among teenagers.

In conclusion, if we use computers in a proper way it has more advantages than disadvantages. It is the boon of modern science.