Oxford Current English Translation Ex 239 240 241 ka Solution
Welcome आज के इस पोस्ट मे आप Direct & Indirect Speech/Narration के बारे में अध्ययन करेंगे ।। इस पोस्ट में Oxford Current English Translation 'Book' के Exercise 239, 240, 241 का full Solution दिया गया है। आप ध्यान से पढें और समझने का प्रयास करें ।
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Narration Direct & Indirect Speech ke Basic Points, Rules, Examples & Exercise Solution
Rule 2 [ How to Change of Tense ]
Note : यदि Reporting Verb Past Tense मे रहता है, तब Inverted Comma " " के भीतर प्रयुक्त Tense मे परिवर्तन होता है ।
यदि Reporting Verb Past Tense (( Said )) रहे । तो निम्नलिखित प्रकार से Tense को बदलते हैं ।
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
V1/V5 V2
Do/does + not + V1 Did + not + V1
V2 Had + V3
Did + not + V1 Had + not + V3
Has/have Had
Is/are/am Was/Were
Was/were Had been
Had to had had to
Has/have been Had been
Had No change
Had been No change
Can Could
May Might
Shall Should
Will Would
Could No change
Would No change
Might No change
Should No change
Must No change
यदि Reporting Verb ( Said ) के बाद कोई Object रहे तो Said को told मे बदल देते हैं । और
यदि Reporting Verb Past Tense (( Said )) रहे । तो निम्नलिखित प्रकार से Tense को बदलते हैं ।
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
V1/V5 V2
Do/does + not + V1 Did + not + V1
V2 Had + V3
Did + not + V1 Had + not + V3
Has/have Had
Is/are/am Was/Were
Was/were Had been
Had to had had to
Has/have been Had been
Had No change
Had been No change
Can Could
May Might
Shall Should
Will Would
Could No change
Would No change
Might No change
Should No change
Must No change
यदि Reporting Verb ( Said ) के बाद कोई Object रहे तो Said को told मे बदल देते हैं । और
यदि Reporting Verb ( Said ) के बाद Object नहीं रहे तो Reporting Verb ( Said ) को Change नहीं करते हैं, उसे Indirect speech मे भी Said ही लिखा जाएगा ।
Reporting Verb ( Said ) के बाद प्रयुक्त to को हटा देते हैं । यानि कि लुप्त कर देते हैं ।
Inverted Comma " " के स्थान पर that का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Exercise 239 ka Solution of Oxford Current English Translation Book by R.k Sinha
Translate into English ( first in direct speech and then in indirect speech.
उसने कहा कि मै बीमार नहीं हूँ ।
He said," I am not I'll."
He said that he was not I'll.
सीता ने कहा कि मै एक गरीब लड़की हूँ ।
Sita said," I am a poor girl."
Sita said that she was a poor girl.
राम ने कहा कि मै काम कर रहा हूँ ।
Ram said," I am working."
Ram said that he was working.
मोहन ने कहा कि मै सोहन को जानता हूँ ।
Mohan said," I know sohan."
Mohan said that he knew sohan.
उसने कहा कि मुझे कलम नहीं है ।
He said," I have no pen."
He said that he had no pen.
हमलोगों ने कहा कि हमें जाना है ।
We said," We have to go."
We said that we had to go.
गोपी ने कहा कि मैनें पक्षी को मारा है ।
Gopi said," I have killed the bird."
Gopi said that he had killed the bird.
उनलोगों ने कहा कि हमलोग घंटो से काम कर रहे हैं ।
They said," We have been working for hours."
They said that they had been working for hours.
शीला ने कहा कि मै वहां जाऊँगी ।
Sheela said," I shall go there.
Sheela said that she would go there.
मदन ने कहा कि मै दौड़ सकता हूँ ।
Madan said," I can run."
Madan said that he could run.
उसने मुझसे कहा कि तुम मेरे दोस्त हो ।
He said to me," You are my friend."
He told me that I was his friend.
सीता ने राम से कहा कि आपने मेरी मदद की है ।
Sita said to Ram," You have helped me."
Sita told Ram that he had helped her.
लड़कों ने शिक्षक से कहा कि हमलोग आपका इंतजार कर रहे थे ।
The boys said to the teacher," We were waiting for you.
The boys told the teacher that they had been waiting for him.
मैनें कहा कि मै काम करूँगा ।
I said," I shall work."
I said that I should work.
उसने मुझसे कहा कि मै तुम्हें अंग्रेजी पढाऊँगा ।
He said to me," I shall teach you english."
He told me that he would teach me english.
मैनें राम से कहा कि तुम अपने जीवन में कुछ नहीं करोगे ।
I said to Ram," You will do nothing in your life."
I told Ram that he would do nothing in his life.
Exercise 240 ka Solution of Oxford Current English Translation Book by R.k Sinha
Translate into English ( first in direct speech and then in indirect speech.
उसने कहा कि मै वहां गया था ।
He said," I went there."
He said that he had gone there.
उसने मुझसे कहा कि मैनें तुमसे मिलना चाहा ।
He said to me," I wanted to meet you."
He told me that he had wanted to meet me.
उसने कहा कि मै स्कूल गया था ।
He said," I went to school."
He said that he had gone to school.
उनलोगों ने कहा कि हमलोगों ने कोशिश की थी ।
They said," We tried."
They said that they had tried.
उसने कहा कि मै खेल रहा था ।
He said," I was playing."
He said that he had been playing.
मैनें कहा कि मै जा रहा था ।
I said," I was going."
I said that I had been going.
घनश्याम ने कहा कि मै कोशिश कर रहा था ।
Ghanshyam said," I was trying."
Ghanshyam said that he had been trying.
लता ने कहा कि मै पढ चुकी थी ।
Lata said," I have studied/read."
Lata said that she had studied/read.
मोहन ने कहा कि मै पहले ही खा चुका था ।
Mohan said," I had already eaten."
Mohan said that he had already eaten.
उसने मुझसे कहा कि मैनें तुम्हें देखा था ।
He said to me," I saw you."
He told me that he had seen me.
राम ने मुझसे कहा कि मै तुम्हारी किताब पढ रहा था ।
Ram said to me," I was reading your book."
Ram told me that he had been reading my book.
उसने कहा कि मै सुबह से दौड़ रहा था ।
He said," I had been running since morning."
He said that he had been running since morning.
सीता ने मुझसे कहा कि मै दो बर्षों से तुम्हारा इंतजार कर रही थी ।
Sita said to me," I had been waiting for you for two years."
Sita told me that she had been waiting for me for two years.
Exercise 241 ka Solution of Oxford Current English Translation Book by R.k Sinha
Translate into English ( first in direct speech and then in indirect speech.
Note : अगर 'कि' के बाद आनेवाले clause मे ऐसा कथन हो जिससे चिरंतन सत्य ( Universal truth ) या प्राकृतिक नियम ( Natural law ) का बोध हो ।।। तो उस clause के Verb के Tense मे कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होगा । जैसे
उसने कहा कि पृथ्वी गोल है ।
He said," The earth is round."
He said that the earth is round.
यहाँ The earth was round लिखना गलत होगा क्योंकि पृथ्वी गोल है यह एक चिरंतन सत्य है ।
राम ने कहा कि दो और दो चार होते हैं ।
Ram said," Two and two is four."
Ram said that two and two is four.
उसने कहा कि पृथ्वी सूर्य के चारो ओर घूमती है ।
He said," The earth moves around the sun."
He said that the earth moves around the sun.
शिक्षक ने कहा कि काम ही पूजा है ।
The teacher said," Work is worship."
The teacher said that work is worship.
शिक्षक ने कहा कि मानव मरणशील है ।
The teacher said," Man is mortal."
The teacher said that man is mortal.
उसने कहा कि सभी चमकनेवाली चीजें सोना नहीं होती ।
He said," All that glitters is not gold."
He said that all that glitters is not gold.
पिताजी ने कहा कि दोस्त वही है जो समय पर काम आए ।
Father said," A friend in need is a friend indeed."
Father said that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
शिक्षक ने कहा कि कम ज्ञान खतरनाक होता है ।
The teacher said," A little knowledge is a dangerous thing."
The teacher said that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
मेरी माँ ने कहा कि ईमानदारी सबसे अच्छी नीति है ।
My mother said," Honesty is the best policy."
My mother said that honesty is the best policy.
शिक्षक ने कहा कि तेल पानी पर तैरता है ।
The teacher said," Oil floats on water."
The teacher said that oil floats on water.
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